Ka 1939, lilemo tse ’nè ka mor’a ho qaptjoa ha nylon ke Wallace Carothers, nylon e ile ea tšeloa litokising tsa silika lekhetlo la pele e le thepa e ncha, e neng e batloa ke bahlankana le baroetsana ba se nang palo ’me ea tuma lefatšeng.
Ena ke ketsahalo ea bohlokoa ha indasteri ea sejoale-joale ea k'hemistri ea polymer e qala ho atleha.Ho tloha ho li-stockings tsa silika ho ea ho liaparo, ho ea ho litlhoko tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, liphutheloana, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, likoloi, sebaka sa sefofane ... Nylon e amme ka botebo le ho fetola bophelo ba batho.
Kajeno, lefatše le ntse le e-ba le liphetoho tse khōlō tse e-song ho bonahale lilemong tse lekholo.Khohlano ea Russia-Ukraine, mathata a matla, ho futhumala ha boemo ba leholimo, ho senyeha ha tikoloho ... Tabeng ena, lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho bio li kene moeeng oa histori.
* Lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho bioloji li ile tsa tlisa tsoelo-pele e atlehileng
Ha ho bapisoa le lisebelisoa tsa khale tse entsoeng ka peterole, lisebelisoa tsa bio-based li tsoa 'moba, poone, joang, lijo-thollo, joalo-joalo, tse nang le melemo ea lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang le ho fokotsa khase haholo.Li ke ke tsa thusa batho feela ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ha bona ka mehloli ea peterole, empa hape ba phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho fokotsa mathata a lefats'e a matla.
Melemo ea bohlokoa ea tikoloho e bolela bohlokoa ba moruo.OECD e bolela esale pele hore ka 2030, 25% ea lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho le 20% ea mafura a fossil e tla nkeloa sebaka ke lik'hemik'hale tsa bio-based, 'me boleng ba bio-economic bo thehiloeng mehloling e ka nchafatsoang bo tla fihla ho lidolara tse trilione e le' ngoe.Thepa e thehiloeng ho bioloji e fetohile e 'ngoe ea litloaelo tse chesang ka ho fetesisa matseteng a indasteri ea lefats'e le boqapi ba mahlale.
Ho la China, ho latela sepheo sa leano la "khabone e habeli", "Leano la Ts'ebetso la Lilemo tse Tharo bakeng sa Ho Potlakisa Boqapi le Nts'etsopele ea Lisebelisuoa tse sa tsoakoang ka lijo-thollo" le fanoeng ke makala le likomishene tse tšeletseng qalong ea selemo le lona le tla khothaletsa ho feta. nts'etsopele le ntlafatso ea indasteri ea thepa e thehiloeng ho bioloji.Ho ka boleloa esale pele hore thepa ea lehae e thehiloeng ho bioloji le eona e tla tlisa nts'etsopele e felletseng.
* Thepa ea nylon e thehiloeng ho bio e fetoha sampole ea nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho bioloji
Ho rua molemo tlhokomelong ea boemo ba maano a naha, hammoho le melemo e mengata ea litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala, tekanyo ea 'maraka, le ts'ehetso e feletseng ea tsamaiso ea indasteri, Chaena e qalile mokhoa oa indasteri ea polylactic acid le polyamide, le nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea mefuta e fapaneng. ea thepa e thehiloeng linthong tse phelang.
Ho ea ka datha, ka 2021, tlhahiso ea China ea thepa e thehiloeng ho bio e tla fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 11 (ntle le li-biofuel), e leng karolo ea 31% ea kakaretso ea lefats'e, ka tlhahiso ea lithane tse limilione tse 7 le boleng bo fetang. 150 li-yuan tse limilione tse likete.
Har'a bona, ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa bio-nylon e ipabola haholo.Tlas'a semelo sa "double carbon" ea naha, likhoebo tse 'maloa tse etelletseng pele malapeng li etelletse pele moralong oa sebaka sa nylon ea bio-nylon, mme li bile le katleho e kholo lipatlisisong tsa tekheniki le tekanyo ea bokhoni.
Mohlala, lebaleng la ho paka, barekisi ba malapeng ba thehile filimi ea biaxial stretching polyamide (bio-base content 20% ~ 40%), mme ba fetisitse setifikeiti sa linaleli sa TUV, ea fetoha e 'ngoe ea likhoebo tse' maloa lefatšeng ka theknoloji ena. .
Ho feta moo, China ke e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba 'moba le poone lefatšeng.Ha ho thata ho fumana hore ho tloha phepelong ea lihlahisoa tse tala tsa semela ho ea ho theknoloji ea nylon polymerization e thehiloeng ho bio ho theknoloji ea ho otlolla filimi ea nylon e thehiloeng ho bio, China e thehile ketane ea indasteri ea nylon e thehiloeng ho bio e nang le tlholisano ea lefats'e.
Litsebi tse ling li boletse hore ka tokollo e tsoelang pele ea matla a tlhahiso ea indasteri ea nylon e thehiloeng ho bio, ho tsebahala ha eona le ts'ebeliso ea eona ke taba ea nako feela.Ho ka boleloa hore likhoebo tse qalang moralo le matsete a R&D a indasteri ea nylon e thehiloeng ho baelo esale pele, a tla etella pele letotong le lecha la phetoho le tlholisano ea indasteri ea lefats'e, le thepa e thehiloeng ho bio e emetsoeng ke bio-based. thepa ea nylon le eona e tla nyolohela boemong bo bocha, ka keketseho ea butle-butle ea mefuta ea lihlahisoa le sekhahla sa indasteri, 'me butle-butle e tlohe ho lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea mahlale ho ea ts'ebelisong e felletseng ea sekala sa indasteri.